2. This is not a foul since the ball did not go out of bounds. The ball is awarded to the offensive team (Team A in this play situation) following the simultaneous recovery. The ball is awarded to the receiving team when there is a simultaneous catch or recovery during a free kick or scrimmage kick. The clock is stopped to award a first down to Team A. The clock starts on the ready for play. A's ball on B's 19, 1st and 10.
3. A55 commits an illegal touching foul by touching the legal forward pass prior to the ball being touched by a Team B player. It is not an illegal forward pass since an eligible receiver, A24, had a reasonable chance to catch the ball. The advance by A55 is legal. The penalty is enforced from the previous spot. In 1997, the penalty would be five yards and loss of down. The clock starts on the ready for play. A's ball on B's 45, 2nd and 11.
4. A snap is a backward pass. The ball hit the ground so a catch is not possible. In 1998, the defense, not necessarily Team B, may advance a recovered backward pass. The advance by is legal. The penalty for the live ball blocking below the waist foul by A42 is declined. Team B scores two points. A's ball on A's 35, free kick.
5. The QB was beyond the neutral zone when he threw the incomplete illegal forward pass. The penalty is enforced from the spot of the foul and carries a loss of down. Although the QB advanced beyond the front stake, enforcement of the penalty carries the ball behind the front stake. In 1997, the penalty would be enforced from the previous spot. The clock starts on the ready for play. A's ball on B's 35, 4th and 3.
6. The LJ blew an inadvertent whistle. The clock will stop following the inadvertent whistle. Team A may replay the down or take the ball at A's 34, the spot where the ball was blown dead in possession of Team A. If Team A takes the ball at the dead ball spot, it would be A's ball on A's 34, 3rd and 1. Team A will elect to replay the down. The clock will start on the ready for play. A's ball on A's 32, 2nd and 3.
7. A82 fumbled on B's 3. The ball becomes dead in B's end zone. A82 provided the impetus. This is a touchback. In 1997, it would be B's ball on B's 3, 1st and 10. B's ball on B's 20, 1st and 10.
8. If worn, all eye shields must be clear (transparent) and made from molded and rigid material. This is a violation. A timeout is charged to Team A at the end of the down. A74 must change to legal equipment. It is permissible for A74 to make the change between downs if the change can be completed before the next play. Team A time out.
9. Helmets and jerseys may have memorial patches or decals as long as they are not greater than 1 1/2 inches in diameter. The patch is legal. A's ball on A's 35, free kick.
10. All squad members must wear visible socks or leg coverings that are identical in color, design and length. Exception: Barefoot kicker. This is a violation. Charge Team A with a team timeout. A's ball on A's 36, 2nd and 6.
11. All squad members must wear visible socks or leg coverings that are identical in color, design and length. Exception: Barefoot kicker. This is a violation. Charge Team B with a team timeout. A's ball on B's 39, 3rd and 3.
12. All squad members must wear visible socks or leg coverings that are identical in color, design and length. Exception: Barefoot kicker. No violation. A's ball on A's 38, 4th and 12.
13. Assume no inadvertent whistle. A42 fumbled the ball. The LJ did not see when the ball came loose. The U did see when the ball cameout. The is no 'when in doubt" rule. A42 either fumbled or he didn't fumble. A's ball on A's 28, 4th and 1.
14. The pass by holder A8 is legal. A8 need not lift his knee before releasing the ball. The ball becomes dead when it strikes the goal line pylon. Team A provided the impetus. Touchback. In 1997, it would be B's ball on B's 9, 1st and 10. B's ball on B's 20, 1st and 10.
15. A77 commits an illegal touching foul since he touched the ball before an opponent touched the ball. The touching may be intentional or unintentional. The advance by A42 is legal. The most beneficial penalty option for Team B is not obvious. If the penalty is declined, it is A's ball on B's 43, 3rd and 8. If the penalty is accepted, it is A's ball on the 50, 2nd and 15.
16. A catch implies that the ball is airborne. A recovery implies that the ball has touched the ground. The advance by B92 is legal in 1998. In 1997, the ball would become dead at A's 32 and be awarded to Team B. B's ball on A's 28, 1st and 10.
17. The advance by A2 is legal. The end of A2's run is A's 13 which is not relevant. The end of QB A1's run is behind the neutral zone so the basic spot is the previous spot. The foul by A23 occurs during a running play (includes A1's run) and behind the basic spot. The spot of the foul, A's 2, is behind the basic spot. A's ball on A's 1, 1st and 13.
18. A snap is a backward pass. The pass by A22 from A's 28 is a legal forward pass. The ball becomes dead when recovered by A24 in B's end zone. This is a 4th down fumble by Team A prior to a change of team possession. The ball is returned to the spot of the fumble. Team A has earned a first down. A's ball on B's 4, 1st and goal.
19. The foul by B53 is a live ball foul. Both teams commit live ball fouls prior to any change of team possession. The penalties offset only because they are both live ball fouls. A's ball on A's 40, 4th and 10.
20. An invalid fair catch signal is not a foul. B11, after giving a waving signal, would be allowed to block after he touches or is touched by the ball. B11 may legally bat the ball backward in the field of play but not in an end zone. B's ball on B's 4, 1st and 10.
21. Team B has possession of the ball when the down ends. Team B did not foul before they last gained possesion of the ball. Team B may accept offsetting fouls or decline the penalty for Team A's foul and be penalized for their foul. Declining the penalty for Team A's foul results in a safety since the Team B foul occurs in B's end zone. Team B's choice will depend on factors such as the score, the time remaining and perhaps even the weather. It is probable that Team B will accept offsetting fouls. A's ball on B's 30, 2nd and 8.
22. Team A may throw one legal forward pass during a down. The second forward pass by QB A1 is an illegal forward pass. The ball remains a live ball until the down ends which is when the pass becomes incomplete. It would be A's ball on A's 26, 4th and 19 in the remote event that the penalty is declined. The penalty is enforced from the spot of the foul and carries a loss of down. A's ball on A's 21, 4th and 24.
23. A88 did not go out of bounds voluntarily. A88 was blocked out of bounds by B14. The catch and advance by A88 is legal. The penalty is a loss of down only at the previous spot if A88 went out of bounds voluntarily although the catch and advance would also be legal. A's ball on B's 30, 1st and 10.
24. It is a live ball foul for a defensive team player to place his hand on a teammate to gain leverage to block a field goal attempt. The penalty is 15 yards from the previous spot. If there was no foul, it would be B's ball on B's 28, 1st and 10. A's ball on B's 14, 1st and 10.
25. The offside foul by Team B is a live ball foul. The choice of penalty options for Team A is not obvious. If the penalty is accepted, the point is taken off the scoreboard and it is A's ball on B's 1 1/2 for the replay of the try. If the penalty is declined, the penalty does not carry over to the free kick. Team A is awarded one point and it is A's ball on A's 35, free kick.
26. A22 commits an illegal touching violation on A's 38. The muff by B10 means that there can be no foul for a free kick out of bounds. The ball becomes dead and is considered out of bounds when B88 touches the ball with his foot touching the sideline even though the ball is over the field of play. The ball becomes dead on A's 35. Team B will elect not to take the ball at the spot of the illegal touching (not first touching). B's ball on A's 35, 1st and 10.
27. There are two running plays by B12 during the down. The first run ends at B's 5 and the second run ends at B's 30. The foul occurs during the first running play. The foul occurs behind the end of the run and the spot of the foul is the enforcement spot. Safety. Team A scores two points. B's ball on B's 20, free kick.
28. The momentum rule for B24's interception terminates when A32 intercepts B24's illegal forward pass. The result of the play is a touchback since A32 provided the impetus for the ball hitting the goal line pylon. Team A will accept the penalty. Team A is awarded two points. B's ball on B's 20, free kick.
29. A23 recovers a live ball in B's end zone. The try ends when, prior to a change of team possession, a Team A player fumbles and the ball is caught or recovered by any Team A player other than the fumbler. There is no Team A score. A's ball on A's 35, free kick.
30. There is no change of team possession during the down. The penalties for the 12 players on the field foul by Team B and the illegal formation foul by Team A offset and the down will be replayed. The subsequent live ball fouls by B44 and B52 simply join the other live ball fouls as offsetting fouls. Only live ball fouls can be offsetting. A's ball on A's 30, 2nd and 12.